§346
Before studying the present lesson, the student should review the paradigms in Lesson XVII.
Lesson XXV
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Before studying the present lesson, the student should review the paradigms in Lesson XVII.
This noun differs from those in §211, in that the accusative singular ending is -ν instead of -α. The final τ of the stem (χαριτ-) drops out before the -ν. If χάρις were declined like ἐλπίς the accusative singular would be χάριτα.
The declension of πόλις, πόλεως (stem πολι-), ἡ, a city, is as follows:
A table appears here in the book.
The final ει of the stem is changed to ε except in the nominative, accusative and vocative singular. πόλει in the dative singular is contracted from πόλε-ι, and πόλεις in the nominative plural from πόλε-ες, in accordance with the rules of contraction given in Lesson XXIII. The accusative plural has -εις, instead of -εας or (as the rules of contraction would require) -ης. The accusative singular has instead of -α the ν-ending which appears in certain other third declension nouns such as χάρις. The genitive singular ending is -ως instead of -ος. The accent in the genitive singular and plural of this class of nouns is the only exception to the rule that if the ultima is long the antepenult cannot be accented (see §11).
These third-declension nouns in -ις with genitives in -εως, of which πόλις is an example, form a very important class of nouns in the New Testament. The nouns of this class are declined alike and are all of feminine gender.
The declension of γένος, γένους, (stem γενεσ-), τό, a race, is as follows:
A table appears here in the book.
The final σ of the stem (γενεσ-) is dropped except in the nominative singular. The ε which is then left at the end of the stem is contracted with the vowels of the regular third-declension endings, in accordance with the rules of contraction given in Lesson XXIII.
These third-declension nouns in -ος, -ους, are declined alike, and are all of neuter gender.
The declension of βασιλεύς, βασιλέως (stem βασιλευ-), ὁ, is as follows:
A table appears here in the book.
The final υ of the stem is dropped before those endings which begin with a vowel. Contraction takes place in the dative singular and nominative plural. The genitive singular has -ως instead of -ος (compare πόλις.). But the accusative singular has the α-ending, not the ν-ending.
These nouns in -evs, -ews are masculine.
Observe the declension of πατήρ and of ἀνήρ in §565.
The declension of other third-declension nouns will give little difficulty when once the genitive singular and the gender are known. Only the dative plural is sometimes troublesome, but the forms can at least be easily recognized when they occur.
The declension of ἀληθής, ές (stem ἀληθεσ-), true, is as follows:
A table appears here in the book.
The final ο of the stem is dropped in most of the forms, and contraction then takes place. Compare πόλις, γένος, and βασιλεύς.
This is the first adjective studied thus far which is declined according to the third declension in the feminine as well as in the masculine and neuter.
15 entries
| Greek | Part of speech | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ἀληθής | adjective | trueἀληθής, ές |
| ἀνήρ, ἀνδρός, ὁ | noun (m) | a manἀνήρ is a man as distinguished from women and children; ἄνθρωπος is a human being as distinguished from other beings |
| ἀρχιερεύς, ἀρχιερέως, ὁ | noun (m) | a chief priest |
| βασιλεύς, βασιλέως, ὁ | noun (m) | a king |
| γένος, γένους, τό | noun (n) | a race, a kind |
| γραμματεύς, γραμματέως, ὁ | noun (m) | a scribe |
| ἔθνος, ἔθνους, τό | noun (n) | a nationplural τὰ ἔθνη, the nations, the Gentiles |
| ἱερεύς, ἱερέως, ὁ | noun (m) | a priest |
| μήτηρ, μητρός, ἡ | noun (f) | a mother |
| ὄρος, ὄρους, τό | noun (n) | a mountain |
| πατήρ, πατρός, ὁ | noun (m) | a father |
| πίστις, πίστεως, ἡ | noun (f) | faith |
| πλήρης | adjective | fullπλήρης, ες |
| πόλις, πόλεως, ἡ | noun (f) | a city |
| χάρις, χάριτος, ἡ | noun (f) | grace |
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| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.
| a b g d e z | α β γ δ ε ζ |
|---|---|
| h q i k l m | η θ ι κ λ μ |
| n c o p r s | ν ξ ο π ρ σ/ς |
| t u f x y w | τ υ φ χ ψ ω |
| ) ( | smooth / rough breathing |
| / \ = | acute / grave / circumflex |
| | + | iota subscript / diaeresis |
Marks go after the vowel: type a)/ for ἄ, w| for ῳ. Sigma becomes ς at the end of a word.